2024-03-29T11:00:44Z
https://eajbsg.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=3520
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology
2090-0872
2090-0872
2015
7
1
Identification study some virulence factors of invasive mold infections isolated from patients undergoing chemotherapy in Tikrit teaching Hospital
Milad
Mezher
Wa,ad
Ra,oof
Khalil
Bandar
Sixty two (62) samples were collected from out and inpatients admitted to Tikrit teaching hospital in Tikrit city. these specimens were collected from sputum of immunocopromised patients of both sexes and different ages.
19(30.6%) isolates from patients sputum, were infections more A. fumigatus (12.9%), A. terreus (6.5%), and P. sp (3.3%) while were (1.6%) of A. niger, A. flavus, F. solani, P. chrysogenum and A. alternata. The isolated were identified according morphological and Cultural characteristic.
It emerges from the study that fungal isolates produced various virulence factors since, hemolysin, protease and phospolypase production were produced in A. fumigatus (62.5%) hemolysin and phospholipase production, and (87.5%) protease production, while A. terreus protease and phospholypase production were (50%) and (25%) of hemolysin production, while A. flavus, P. chrysogenum and A. alternata isolates were no produced protease. P. chrysogenum were produce only hemolysin (100%). All isolates of A. niger, F. solani and A. alternata were phospolypase production (100%).
invasive mold infections
Tikrit
2015
12
01
1
11
https://eajbsg.journals.ekb.eg/article_16480_d5dda5a5937f2ac5bdd2b8a2f9f1045e.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology
2090-0872
2090-0872
2015
7
1
Molecular Detection of Echinococcus granulosus (G1) Strain in human and other intermediate host using molecular marker.
Suzan
Al-Nakeeb
Mohammed
Kadir
Abdul-Rahman
A.
Echinococcus granulosus is a cosmopolitan parasite causing cystic echinococcosis in humans and livestock. Hydatid disease is still a serious public health and economic problem. Is characterized by high intra- specific variability genotypes (G1- G10), the most common strain is sheep strain (G1) which is mostly responsible of human Echinococcosis.
The aim of this study was to prove molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus (G1) isolates which were obtained from human and livestock (sheep, cow and goat) by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in Kirkuk province of Iraq. A total of (40) isolates were obtained from patients after surgical operation and from Kirkuk- slaughter house, DNA samples were extracted from germinal layer of (7) human, (11) sheep, (17) cow and (5) goat. The specific primer for sheep strain G1 was provided for molecular characterization studies.
PCR resulted in a specific product of 400 bp. All isolates genotyped were clearly demonstrated G1 strain using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) gene. This is the first molecular study report genotyping of Echinococcus isolates in Kirkuk province, Iraq.
Molecular
Echinococcus granulosus (G1)
human and livestock
2015
12
01
13
18
https://eajbsg.journals.ekb.eg/article_16481_941f3bcfbfd1417de27bc6ac8fb2935c.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology
2090-0872
2090-0872
2015
7
1
Laccase Production From Trametes hirsuta and Decolourisation of Phenolic Textile Dye In a Laccase Mediator System (LMS)
Ali
Taha
Nada
Al-Mudallal
Ghassaq
Sadiq
Mohammed
Abdullatif
Haider
Glaiym
Haralambos
Stamatis
Batol
Dheeb
Inthis study, fungal laccase was produced from Trameteshirsuta DSMZ 5072 at 28 °C in a submergedcultivation medium comprising: potato infusions from 200gm/L, glucose (1%) and maltextract (1%). The maximum laccase activity(129 U/L) was observed at day eight post-cultivation in the presence of 2mM of 2,5-xylidine, as an inducer. Fungal laccase from Tramatesversicolor as a commercial enzyme, and home prepared laccase from T. hirsuta, were used to decolourise phenolred. The effects of initial medium pH, differentsystems, type of mediator and incubation temperature were investigated. It wasobserved that, for both commercial and homemade laccases, pH 4.5 allowed moreefficient decolourisation of the dye at 30 °C.In an aqueous system, high decolourisationpercentages, of 42.8% and 36.4%, were revealed within 72 hours in thepresence of T. versicolor and T. hirsuta laccases respectively. Thedegree of decolourisation increased in the aqueous system when a differentmediator was added. Results showed that the 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) has a muchbetter decolourisation ability than the other mediators tested, such that decolourisationpercentages as high as 73.6% and 79.4 were observed in the presence of 8mM HBTand laccase from T. hirsuta (40 °C/120 minutes) or T. versicolor(30 °C/120 minutes), respectively.
Textile dye
Phenol red
Decolourisation
Laccase and LMS
2015
12
01
19
27
https://eajbsg.journals.ekb.eg/article_16482_d24adb0ef1f46ad2d2854850c914d1bc.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology
2090-0872
2090-0872
2015
7
1
Microbial Bioremediation of some Heavy Metals in Soils: An updated review
Gosa
Girma
Nowadays, due to industrialization and extraction ofnatural resources, soil and water pollution is one of the major globalconcerns. During the recent era of environmental protection, the use ofmicroorganisms for the recovery of heavy metals from soil, sediments and wateras well as employment of plants for landfill applications has generated growingattention. The role of microorganisms and plants in biotransformation of heavymetals into nontoxic forms is well-documented, and understanding the molecularmechanism of metal accumulation has numerous biotechnological implications forbioremediation of metal-contaminated sites. The food and water we consume areoften contaminated with a range of chemicals and heavy metals, such as gold,copper, nickel, zinc, lead, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, and mercury that areassociated with numerous diseases. Human activities like metalliferous miningand smelting, agriculture, waste disposal or industry discharge these metalswhich can produce harmful effects on human health when they are taken up inamounts that cannot be processed by the organism. Many studies have demonstrated that microbeshave the ability to remove heavy metals from contaminated soils. Among otherssome of the microorganisms that play great role in bioremediation of heavymetals are Pseudomonas spp. Alcaligenes spp., Arthrobacter spp., Bacillus spp.,Corynebacterium spp., Flavobacterium spp., Azotobacter spp., Rhodococcus spp. Mycobacteriumspp., Nocardia spp., Methosinussp., Methanogens, Aspergilusniger, Pleurotusostreatus, Rhizopusarrhizus,Stereumhirsutum, Phormidiumvalderium andGanodermaapplantus. The encouraging evidence as tothe usefulness of microorganisms and their constituents for theremediation of heavy metals from contaminated soils is reviewed in thisarticle.
bioremediation
Biotransformation
Heavy metals
Microbial
toxicity
2015
12
01
29
45
https://eajbsg.journals.ekb.eg/article_16483_9fb8ee3d00a90614275e27c52409c29a.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology
2090-0872
2090-0872
2015
7
1
Antimicrobial Activities of Seed and Leaf Extracts of Moringa oleifera against Common Clinical Microbial Isolates
Olaitan
O.
Kareem
O.
Aroyehun
B.
Omeike
O.
Seedand leaf extracts of Moringa oleiferawere tested against selected bacterial and fungal pathogens of clinical importancecomparing aqueous and ethylacetate efficacy as solvents of extraction. Agar disc and agar well diffusion methods were employed forthe tested bacteria and fungi respectively. While the bacteria included Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonellatyphi, the fungal species were Candidaalbicans, Aspergillus niger and A. flavus. The in vitro bioassay revealed that the ethylacetate seed extractsshowed better activity compared to the aqueous extracts, with the highesteffectivenessobserved in ethylacetateextract against E. coli (23mm) andlowest in aqueous extract against A.flavus (6 mm). Conclusively, plant parts extracted with ethylacetateproved to possess more antimicrobial activities than aqueous, therebysuggesting ethylacetate as an effective solvent in the extraction of activephytochemical compounds.
Moringa Olifera
Extracting solvents Microbial pathogens Minimum inhibitory concentration
2015
12
01
47
52
https://eajbsg.journals.ekb.eg/article_16484_8abba7170c719d00adb8c96dbd193a41.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology
2090-0872
2090-0872
2015
7
1
Fungi associated with grapevine (Vitis vinifera L) decline in middle of Iraq
Samir
Abdullah
Marwan
Al-Samarraie
Akeel
Al-Assie
Fungal species associated with three (Vitis vinifera L.)cultivars exhibited decline grown in the main grapevine production area in Salahaldin province, middle Iraq were surveyed during 2012 – 2013. Based on microscopical and cultural characteristics, a total of 24 species in addition to non-sporulating mycelia were identified. The most frequently isolated fungi from shoots were Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium cladosporoides, Cadophora spp., Clonostachys rosea, Penicillium spp. Phaeoacremonium sp. I, Neocytalidium dimidiatum and Stachybotrys atra, whereas, Fusarium spp., Acremonium sp., Cylindrocladiella viticola, Cylindrocarpon spp., and Phaeoacremonium sp. 2, were the most frequently isolated fungi from roots. C. viticola is recorded for the first time from Iraq.
fungi
Grapevine decline
Iraq
2015
12
01
53
59
https://eajbsg.journals.ekb.eg/article_16485_c353c443b9af68a5fc45e46b92448328.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology
2090-0872
2090-0872
2015
7
1
Mycobiota and Incidence of Toxigenic Fungi in Dried Fruits from Duhok Markets, North Iraq
Asia
Saadullah
Samir
Abdullah
Thirtysamples from each of four dried fruits (apricot,fig,plum and raisins) collectedfrom local shops at Duhok governorate were surveyed for their contaminationwith fungi. Thirty eight fungalspecies belonged to 13 genera in addition to yeasts were isolated andidentified. The highest diversity of fungi were detected from raisins (35species), followed by 27 species isolated from plum, 26 species from figs and18 species on apricot. Eleven species were found common on the four types ofdried fruits. These include Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus carbonarius,A. flavus, A.fumigatus, A.niger,A.parasiticus, Penicillium citrinum, P.expansum,Cladosporium cladosporoides, Emericella nidulans and Eurotium amstelodami.Aflatoxigenic potentials of selected isolates of Aspergillussection Flavi and ochratoxigenic potential of selected isolates from Aspergillussection Nigri were detected by ELISA technique. Aflatoxin was found atlevels from 79.4 to 356ppb whereas, ochratoxin A at levels from 60-106ppb.
Mycobiota
Toxigenic fungi
Dried fruits
Iraq
2015
12
01
61
68
https://eajbsg.journals.ekb.eg/article_16486_fa8eb844e6bb0121d445126017f0c64c.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology
2090-0872
2090-0872
2015
7
1
The Antibacterial Activity Of Bee Venom On Selected Pathogenic Bacteria
Amany
Salem
El-Sayed
Bedair
Wael
Hablas
Abir
Elfiky
Basma
Hussein
Honeybee venom of Apis mellifera carnica with LD50 equal to290µg/mouse, was analyzed by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) toperform its activity and found that it contains the most important activecompounds which are Melittin (52.1%), Phospholipase A2(11.9%), and Apamin (2.3%)then tested against selected pathogenic bacteria invitro. The selectedbacteria were Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Proteussp., E.coli ,Salmonella sp., The results showed that bee venom has highsignificant effect on Gram positive bacteria (MRSA), and from moderate to lowsignificance on gram negative bacteria (Proteus sp., E.coli ,Salmonella sp.) therefore Bee venom could be a promising alternativeantibiotic
Bee venom
Pathogenic bacteria
HPLC
MRSA
Antibacterial activity
2015
12
01
69
75
https://eajbsg.journals.ekb.eg/article_16487_daf389bd10f2dd2fe31e70c33181d896.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology
2090-0872
2090-0872
2015
7
1
Frequency Distribution and Treatment Outcomes of Suspected Tuberculosis Patients at Civil Hospital Barikot Swat, Pakistan
Tauseef
Ahmad
Haroon
Abdul Majid
Akbar
Hussain
Muhammad
Waqar
Najeeb
Ullah
Tariq
Ullah
Tuberculosis(TB) is one of the major public health problems all over the world especiallyin developing countries. The current study was design to assess the frequencydistribution of suspected TB patients and find out the treatment success rateat Civil Hospital Barikot, Swat Pakistan. A retrospective study was conductedfrom 1st January 2014 to 31st December 2014. A total of211 suspected TB patients comprised male to female ratio was (44.08%) and(55.92%) respectively were included in the study. Among the total registeredpatients (40.28%) were pulmonary tuberculosis positive (PTB +ve), (33.65%) werepulmonary tuberculosis negative (PTB –ve) and (26.07%) were extra-pulmonarytuberculosis (EPTB). In term of treatment outcomes, (21.33%) were cured and(76.78%) were treatment completed while all the registered cases were newcases. It was concluded that the treatment success rate was notified high(98.1%).
tuberculosis
Treatment outcomes
Retrospective study
2015
12
01
77
82
https://eajbsg.journals.ekb.eg/article_16488_ea9ee1e9fd2ed8b9d4357e2ee055ce2e.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology
2090-0872
2090-0872
2015
7
1
Detection and Growth of Eschericia coli and Salmonella in Jarjeer/Rocca while in Transit and Storage and Their Presence in the Prepared Salad Mixture Called Tabouleh
Dennis
Russell
Bacterialanalysis of jarjeer, five years after an earlier study, verified that the levelof contamination of salad greens by coliforms (14,644,283 cfu/g) and E. coli(2,749,906 cfu/g) was statistically significantly higher(P= 0.026) andoccurring in 100% of the samples. Additional tests for Salmonella confirmed that this pathogen was also present on thesurface of the leaves as well as sequestered inside the leaf cells. Jarjeer had57,606 cfu/g E. coli and 61,277 cfu/gSalmonella, while parsley had 60,500cfu/g E. coli and 75,750 cfu/g Salmonella. Salmonellaand E. coli tests of the saladmixture tabouleh also showed extensive amounts for both of these bacteria andconfirmed their abundant presence in the prepared salads. The leaf surface Salmonella and E. coliwere reduced with a mild disinfectant wash, but these sequestered bacteriastill remain alive inside the leaf tissues. Jarjeer leaves were incubated between 25oC and 40oCand the total coliform numbers increased significantly over a 24-hour period at temperatures ideal for coliformgrowth. The greatest increase occurredat 35o-40oC, which is the optimum temperature for Salmonella. Total coliforms and E. coli are multiplying inside the jarjeer leaves during shipmentand storage, especially near the temperature range ideal for humanpathogens.
E. coli
Salmonella
IDEXX
Salad contamination
public health
Tabouleh
2015
12
01
83
92
https://eajbsg.journals.ekb.eg/article_16489_7d79750a1f608c2a7c40acf7530b8ddf.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology
2090-0872
2090-0872
2015
7
1
Microbiological Study On Children Biscuits in Saudi Arabia
Latifa
Al-Husnian
Muneera
ALKahtani
Biscuits foods are a variety of quick breads popular in different forms throughout the Kingdom. This study aims to verify if the biscuits can cause food poisoning for children in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabiaor not. Therefore, a four samples of Biscuits were stored for few days. It was noticed that there are bacteria and fungi in all collected biscuits brands. Also, there is an increase in bacterial growth rate in Hein's biscuits in compressing to the other brands. Moreover, some biscuits caused food poisoning for children in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It was found Biscuits foods contaminated with pathogenic bacteria (Staph aureus; Salmonella sp; E. coli, and P. saeruginosa) and fungi (Aspergillus; Alternaria and Fusarium). Finally, the recommendation that Saudi authorities must turn its attention to this problem to solve the food poisoning for children in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
biscuits
Poisoning
fungi
Bacteria
food
2015
12
01
93
100
https://eajbsg.journals.ekb.eg/article_16490_7d50f0df11815e7b49887dda2c5be3b7.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology
2090-0872
2090-0872
2015
7
1
Synergistic Effects of Honeys and Commonly Used Antibiotics on Gram Positive Bacteria
Masoud
A.
Alqurashi
M.
Alamin
A.
Thisstudy aimed to investigate the growth inhibitory effect of sidr and sommorhoneys and to evaluate the synergistic effects of various honey concentrationsand five antibiotics on gram-positive bacteria in vitro using agar welldiffusion and disk diffusion techniques. This is the first time for studyingthe antibacterial activity and synergistic effect of sommor honey againstbacteria. The results indicated that sidr and sommor honeys had antibacterialactivity against the clinical isolates and reference strains of S. aureusand Strept. pyogenes. Thereference strains were more susceptible to sidr honey than sommor honey whilethe clinical isolates were more susceptible to sommor honey than sidrhoney. Increasing honey concentrationseither alone or in combination with antibiotics was significantly increased(P<0.05) the growth inhibition of the tested bacteria. The synergisticeffects of honeys with antibiotics were significantly (P<0.05) differentamong the tested gram-positive bacteria. The highest synergistic effect wasobserved against Strept. pyogenes clinical isolate when sidr and sommorhoneys combined with ofloxacin, pipracillin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid andsulphamethoxazole + trimethoprim. It can be concluded that sidr and sommorhoneys improved the antibiotic activity and presented a new avenue fortreatment of gram-positive bacterial infections.
Honey
antibiotics
Gram positive bacteria
Synergistic Effects. Antibacterial Activity
2015
12
01
101
109
https://eajbsg.journals.ekb.eg/article_16491_8da43307784ca28cedf7796151618dda.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology
2090-0872
2090-0872
2015
7
1
Isolation and Identification of Bacteria for Camel's and Goat's Milk. Traditional Dairy of Saudi Arabia
Muneera
ALKahtani
Camels and goats fermented milk is a traditional product that consumed as a main type of food in nomadic areas of Saudi Arabia, and this bacterium is the predominant microorganism in the camels\sheep milk that is responsible for milk fermentation. In this study, high qualities of fresh milk samples were selected, isolated, and identified total of samples with a fact of 10 fresh milk samples from five different areas in Riyadh City representing North, South, East, and West of Riyadh for analysis. Bacteria have been isolated as follows: Staphylococcus simulans, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, Aeromonas Hydrophila, and Pseudomonas putida. In Camels and goats milk, the isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus sp bacteria and Pseudomonas putida with total of 50% of the study samples, and the isolated bacteria Kocuria rosea with 25% and bacteria Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae with 15% and bacteria Aeromonas Hydrophila with 10%. Bacteria were identified using a definition of bacteria VITEK 2 and the use of identification systems API 50 CHL API 2C AUX, respectively. The average concentration psaudomonas and staphylococcus 7.4loglÛ CFU ml7.7loglÛ CFU ml. All isolates of bacteria have been shown in test results and were positive for antibiotics pseudomonas putida, kocuria rosea, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, aeromonas hydrophila, and Staphylococcus simulant.
Traditional fermented milk
identification
Pseudomonas putida
Staphylococcus simulanus
2015
12
01
111
118
https://eajbsg.journals.ekb.eg/article_16492_cb3de03076c9228da0e0ea21acea4bb0.pdf