Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology2090-08726220141201Evaluation of Saudi Fluorescent Pseudomonads Isolates as a Biocontrol Agent against Citrus Canker Disease Caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp citri A*171649310.21608/eajbsg.2014.16493ENMohammed A.Al-SalehPlant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20181013The goal of this study was to determine whether<br />bacterial antagonists could be used to control <em>Xanthomonas citri </em>subsp<em><br />citri </em>(<em>Xcc</em>), the causal agent of bacterial citrus canker disease. A<br />total of 22 potentially bacterial antagonists isolated as epiphytes from the<br />phylloplane of healthy citrus trees were screened for their <em>in vitro </em>biological<br />control capability against <em>Xcc</em>. These strains were identified as<em> Pseudomonas fluorescens </em>on<br />the basis of biochemical and physiological tests and 16S rDNA. Out of these 22<br />potentially bacterial antagonists, five strains (KSA1, KSA9, KSA14, KSA17, and<br />KSA20) showed high potential growth inhibition capabilities against <em>Xcc</em>.<br />The KSA1 strain was selected for further studies to test its <em>in vivo</em><br />capability to control bacterial citrus canker pathogen. It was sprayed in a<br />suspension of 107<br />CFU ml-1<br />on citrus leaves which were subsequently inoculated after 72 h with 108 CFU ml-1 suspension of <em>Xcc </em>strain JQ890095.<br />According to the <em>in vivo </em>biocontrol tests, the putative antagonist KSA1<br />significantly reduced the symptoms on the leaves of Mexican lime seedlings<br />compared with untreated inoculated plants.Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology2090-08726220141201New Records of Marine Algal Species Collected From Some Localities of Al-Jabel Al-Akhdar Coastline, Libya9201649410.21608/eajbsg.2014.16494ENMagda F.El-Adl-Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt.
-Botany Department, Faculty of Education (Al-Qubba), Omar Al-Mukhtar University, Al- Beidaa, Libya.Journal Article20181013Field<br />surveys were planned to screen and document the new macroalgal species of<br />Al-Jabel Al- Akhdar coastline. Seven different sites (S1-S7) of the target area<br />were randomly and independently visited during remittent times between October<br />2012 and April 2013 for collecting samples. Of 12 new record algal species, 6<br />were recorded for the first time for the Libyan algal flora; 3 for Al-Jabel Al-<br />Akhdar coastline and 3 for the investigated area. These 6 newly record algal<br />species for the Libyan environment were <em>Vaucheria piloboloides</em> Thuret (Heterokontophyta), <em>Penicillus dumetosus </em>(Lamouroux) Blainville, <em>Cladophora laetevirens </em>(Dillwyn)<br />Kützing (Chlorophyta), <em>Corallina pilulifera</em> Postels & Ruprecht, <em>Champia parvula</em> (Agardh) Harvey and <em>Thuretella<br />schousboei </em>(Thuret)<br />F. Schmitz<br />(Rhodophyta). The physico-chemical analysis indicated that, <em>Ch. parvula</em>,<br /><em>C. pilulifera</em>,<em> Bangia atropurpurea </em>(Maertens<br />ex Roth) C. Agardh, <em>Lithophyllum<br />incrustans</em><br />Philippi,<em> Caulerpa racemosa </em> var. <em>cylindracea</em> (Sonder) Verlaque, Huisman et Boudouresque and <em>Chaetomorpha<br />linum</em> (O.F. Müller) Kützing were found to be restricted to polluted<br />seawater while<em> Cl. laetevirens</em> inhabited both sites (as a pelt in the<br />clean site and patches in polluted site).Water quality of the target area was<br />classified as clean (oligotrophic), ranging between mostly very clean (ultraoligotrophic)<br />in S4 and S7 and moderate polluted (mesoeutrophic) in S3 and S6. Most exotic species were found to belong to Rhodophyta. The present study recommended further surveys<br />to explore the newly Libyan algal species.Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology2090-08726220141201Prevalence of Human Papilloma Virus subtypes 52,56,58,59 and 66 among Yemeni Patients with Cervical Cancer21261649510.21608/eajbsg.2014.16495ENSaleh HusseinBensumaideaDepartment of Histopathology and Cytology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Sudan University for Science and Technology, SudanSalim SaeedBafakeerDepartment of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hadhramout University of Science and Technology, YemenMohammed SiddigAbd El AzizDepartment of Histopathology and Cytology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Sudan University for Science and Technology, SudanFawaz D.AlshammariDepartment of Medical Laboratory, College of applied Medical Science, University of Hail.Hussain Gadel KarimAhmedDepartment of Pathology, College of Medicine, Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Hail, KSA; Department of Histopathology and Cytology, FMLS, University of Khartoum, SudanJournal Article20181013<strong>Background: </strong>Knowledge of high risk Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) subtypes might be helpful for development of strategies for decreasing the burden of risk of cervical cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to screen for some HR-HPV subtypes that are less common in many regions.
<strong>Methodology</strong>: A total of 150tissue samples obtained from patients with cervical cancer in addition to 50 tissue samples obtained from patients with benign cervical lesions, were investigated for the presence of HPV subtypes 52,56,58,59 and 66 by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
<strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of HPV subtypes 52,56,58,59, and 66, among cases was 0.6%, 0%, 4%, 3.3% and 0% respectively<strong>. </strong>
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> HPV subtypes 58 and 59 have a considerable contribution to etiology of cervical cancer in Yemen that requires further consideration.Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology2090-08726220141201Is Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) infection a risk factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma?27321649610.21608/eajbsg.2014.16496ENHussain Gadel KarimAhmedDepartment of Pathology, College of Medicine, Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Hail, KSA; Department of Histopathology and Cytology, FMLS, University of Khartoum, SudanRania Saad Abdul GaderSulimanDepartment of Histopathology and Cytology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Sudan University for Science and Technology, SudanMohammed SiddigAbd El AzizDepartment of Histopathology and Cytology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Sudan University for Science and Technology, SudanFawaz D.AlshammaryDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Hail, KSAFaris MarganiAltomDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Taibah, KSAIbrahim AGinawiDepartment of Pathology, College of Medicine, Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Hail, KSA; Department of Histopathology and Cytology, FMLS, University of Khartoum, SudanJournal Article20181013<span class="highlight2"><strong><span style="color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Objective</span></strong><span style="color: black; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">: The aim of this study was to screen for the presence<br />of HSV in patients with nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC). <strong>Methodology</strong>:<br />Formalin fixed paraffin wax processed NPC tissue were obtained from 150 tissue<br />blocks and retrospectively investigated for the presence of HSV-1 and HSV-2<br />using polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). <strong>Results:</strong> Of the 150 NPC tissue<br />specimens, Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 (HSV-2) was identified in 18/150 (12%)<br />samples. Out of the 18 samples infected with HSV-2, 15/97 (15.5%) among males<br />and 3/53(5.7%) were among females. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The present have shown<br />some weak links between HSV and NPC. The great majority of samples harboring<br />HSV were also found to harbor EBV, which suggests the potentiality of EBV over<br />HSV.</span></span>Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology2090-08726220141201Assessment of Infectious and Inflammatory changes in sputum associated with cement dust33401649810.21608/eajbsg.2014.16498ENFawaz DabeaAlshammariCollege of Applied Medical Science, University of Hail, KSABakr Shouei HassenHommiSudan University for Sciences and Technology, SudanHussain Gadel KarimAhmedCollege of Medicine, university of Hail, KSA.Journal Article20181013<strong>Background</strong>: <span class="highlight2">sputum</span> cytology is an important biomarker that can be used to assess infectious and inflammatory changes associated with different etiological factors. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the infectious and inflammatory changes associated with exposure to cement dust.<strong></strong>
<strong>Methodology</strong>: In this cross-sectional cases control study, 500 apparently healthy volunteers were selected. Of the 500 study subjects, 400 were exposed to cement dust (ascertained as cases) and 100 were non-exposed (ascertained as controls). Sputum specimen was collected and subsequently demonstrated using Papanicalauo method.
<strong>Results</strong>: Inflammatory cells infiltrate associated with exposure to cement dust was found to be statistically significant (RR= 2.1214, 95% CI = 1.6142 to 2.7881, P < 0.0001). The risk of viral infection associated with exposure to cement dust was found to be (RR= 1.6250, 95% CI = 0.7078 to 3.7308, P = 0.2522). The risk associated with bacterial infection was (RR= 13.6350, 95% CI = 1.9091 to 97.3805, P = 0.0092). The risk associated with fungal infection was (RR= 2.2725, 95% CI = 0.2912 to 17.7315, P = 0.4335).
<strong><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Conclusion</span></strong><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">: Exposure to cement dust is a significant risk that enhances infectious and inflammatory change in the lung of exposed individuals.</span>Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology2090-08726220141201Effects of Allergic fungi on hematological and immunological parameters of human patients and rabbits41481649910.21608/eajbsg.2014.16499ENSanaa HuseeinMohamadBiology Department, College of Science, Kirkuk University, IraqKarkaz M.ThalijFood Science Department, College of Agriculture, Tikreet University, IraqKhalilAL-BanderBiology Department, College of Science, Tikreet University, IraqBatol ImranDheebBiology Department, College of Science, Iraqia University, IraqJournal Article20181013<span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-IQ; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The<br />hematological parameters and immunoglobulin levels were estimated in patients<br />and healthy controls as well as experimentally infected lab animals. Rabbits<br />were infected with fungi (<em>A. niger, C. albicans, A. fumigatus, A. flavus,<br />Fusarium </em>spp, <em>Alternaria</em> spp). For 21 days before serum collection<span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL">.</span> Two hundred serum samples were collected from the respiratory<br />tract infected patients and 20 samples from age and sex matched healthy<br />persons. Hematological parameters in human and rabbits indicated high<br />significance (p<0.001) of most blood parameters compared with control groups<br />including leukocytosis; lymphocytosis; eosinophilia and increased ESR. ELISA<br />testsshowed highly significant levels of IgE and IL4 (P≤0.001) in patients<br />compared with the healthy people, and the highest increased were with the<br />fungus <em>Aspergillus fumigatus </em>(450 IU /ml; 15pg / ml). Similarly, the<br />levels of IgE and IgM in rabbits inhaled with fungi had significantly increased<br />to 425 IU /ml, 390 mg/dl with<em> Aspergillus fumigatus</em>.</span>Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology2090-08726220141201Isolation and Identification of Mycoflora Contaminated of Yemeni Coffee Beans49581650010.21608/eajbsg.2014.16500ENHumaid A.A.Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Sana'a University, Sana'a, YemenAlghalibi S. M.S.Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Sana'a University, Sana'a, YemenAl-khalaqi E. A.A.Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Sana'a University, Sana'a, YemenJournal Article20181013<span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-YE; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">This<br />work was designed to study the mycoflora of stored Yemeni green and roasted<br />coffee beans, in 50 samples (25 samples each) which were collected randomly<br />from different markets in </span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Sana'a</span></span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-YE; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> city, Yemen during 2013 using direct<br />plating technique. Our results showed that in the individual samples of green<br />and roasted coffee beans, the counts of fungi were ranging from 110 to 236 CUF</span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">/</span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-YE; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> 100 beans and 8 to 249 CUF</span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">/</span><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-YE; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">100 beans, respectively. As well the broadest<br />spectrum of fungal species were 55 species and 3 varieties belonging to 13<br />genera and 66 species and 3 varieties belonging to 23 genera in case of green<br />and roasted coffee beans, respectively.<em> Aspergillus, Penicillium,</em> and<em><br />Rhizopus</em> followed by <em>Fennellia</em>and<em> Fusarium</em> were the most<br />common genera isolated from both the two types of coffee beans samples, whereas<em><br />Eurotium</em>was the most common genus only in roasted coffee bean samples,<br />while it was absent in green coffee beans samples. </span>Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology2090-08726220141201Antibacterial activities of crude extracts of Nigerian spices and herbs on enteropathogens59681650110.21608/eajbsg.2014.16501ENJanet OlubukolaOlaitanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria.Olufunke B.ShittuDepartment of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture,Journal Article20181013<strong>Aim:</strong> This study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial activities of water and ethanolic extracts of Nigerian herbs and spices against enteric pathogens.
<strong>Methodology:</strong> Crude extracts of fresh leaves of <em>Ocimum gratissimum</em>, <em>Psidium guajava, Vernonia amygdalina, Kigelia africana, Azadrichata indica, Pistia stratiotes, Euphobia hirta</em>;bulb of<em> Allum sativum </em>and<em> rhizomes of Zingiber officinale </em>and<em> Curcuma longa </em>were evaluatedusing the agar diffusion assay method and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) to determine the antibacterial activities against <em>Vibrio cholerae</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Salmonella sp</em>. Gentamicin (28 mg/ml) was used as antibiotic control.
<strong>Results: </strong>Antimicrobial sensitivity test indicated that while <em>Salmonella sp</em>. was not inhibited by ethanolic extracts of <em>Euphobia hirta</em> and <em>Curcuma longa</em>, both water and ethanolic extracts of others inhibited the growth of <em>Vibrio cholerae</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Salmonella sp</em>. to varying degree. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) determined for the crude extracts of the various herbs and spices, using water and aqueous ethanol inhibited the test isolates at high dilutions.
<strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study has shown the antibacterial potential of the herbs and spices against the tested enteric pathogens. The antibacterial activities of all the herbs and spices observed in this study justify their use in alternative medicine. Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiology2090-08726220141201Evaluation Of Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activities Of Some Edible Mushrooms69821650210.21608/eajbsg.2014.16502ENGhoneimy E.A.Department of Botany and Microbiology , Faculty of science (Girls branch), Al Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptWu F.S.A.Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USAMaie A.ElkhawagaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology , Faculty of science (Girls branch), Al Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptAlassar M.M.Department of Botany and Microbiology , Faculty of science (Girls branch), Al Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptAbdelaziz, M.M. Abdelaziz, M.M.Abdelaziz, M.M.Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptElbatrawy E.N.Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20181013Fruit<br />bodies, mycelial extracts and broth filtrate of five edible mushrooms namely <em>Pleurotus<br />ostreatus</em>, <em>Pleurotus sajor caju</em>, <em>Agaricus campestris,</em> <em>Agaricus<br />bisporous</em> and <em>Grifola frondosa</em> have been evaluated for their<br />antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Different solvents including water,<br />ethanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, chloroform, and hexane were used to extract<br />antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds of different mushrooms under<br />investigation. The extracts were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities<br />using the agar diffusion method against some pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The<br />results revealed that the aqueous extract of <em>A. bisporous</em> fruit body<br />exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity in comparison to all other solvent<br />extracts. The antioxidant activities were analyzed using DPPH radical<br />scavenging, reducing power and the total phenolic assay. Results revealed that also aqueous extract of<br /><em>P. sajor caju</em> and <em>Grifola frondosa</em> fruit bodies exhibited the<br />highest antioxidant activity. Fractionation of the aqueous crude extracts of <em>A.<br />bisporous, P. sajor caju</em> and <em>G. frondosa</em> fruit bodies producing<br />three purified bioactive proteineous compounds which have antimicrobial<br />activities for the first mushroom and antioxidant activities for latter tested<br />mushrooms.