Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Potentials of Methanolic Extract from Cultivated Tropical Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa sinensis L.) Flower

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt.

10.21608/eajbsg.2025.423484

Abstract

Using natural antimicrobials to treat microbial infections is one of the hopeful alternatives to combating antibiotic-resistant strains throughout the world. In this work, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of methanolic extract derived from tropical hibiscus flower were investigated against a variety of microbial pathogens. Results showed that the extract contained considerable amounts of anthocyanins, polyphenols, and flavonoids. Furthermore, the extract contained high amounts of volatile compounds: Disulfide, di-tert-dodecyl (11.378%), Tridecanol, 2-ethyl-2-methyl- (11.940%), Didodecyl phthalate (13.701%), Eicosane (14.532%), and Octane, 2-methyl- (15.242%).




              Interestingly, the growth, cell morphology, and biofilms of the tested pathogenic bacteria were highly affected by the extract. High sensitivity towards the extract was exhibited by the tested bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (36±0.1 mm), Micrococcus luteus (45±0.5 mm), Escherichia coli (45±0.15 mm), and Klebsiella pneumonia (40±0.5 mm), with MIC values of 1, 0.5, 0.5 and 1 mg/mL, respectively. The extract inhibited the formation of biofilm in Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia by 46.4, 47.6, 46.3 and 38.4% respectively. The strongest antifungal activity of the extract was against Fusarium solani (34.7%) and Alternaria phragmospora (33.8%) at 8 mg/mL. The findings of this study indicated that tropical hibiscus flower extract may be promising for the development and design of natural antimicrobial alternatives.  

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